AMIs are image templates that contain software such as operating systems, runtime environments, and actual applications that are used to launch EC2 instances.
In our infrastructure, we will use only general-purpose instances, but if you would like to learn more about different features of instance types see the AWS documentation.Īll EC2 instances come with instance store volumes for temporary data that is deleted whenever the instance is stopped or terminated, as well as with Elastic Block Store (EBS), which is a persistent storage volume working independently of the EC2 instance itself.Īmazon utilizes templates of software configurations, known as Amazon Machine Images (AMI), in order to facilitate the creation of custom EC2 instances. There are five basic types of EC2 instances, which you can use based on your system requirements. The network security of your instances can be managed with the use of security groups by the configuration of protocols, ports, and IP addresses that your instances can communicate with. The elasticity of EC2 means that you can scale up or down resources easily, depending on your needs and requirements. An EC2 instance is simply a virtual machine provisioned with a certain amount of resources such as CPU, memory, storage, and network capacity launched in a selected AWS region and availability zone.
Part 3 - Load Balancing and Application Deployment (Elastic Load Balancer)Ģ.6 Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS, Read Replicas, Multi-AZ Deployment)Įlastic Cloud Compute Cloud (EC2) is an Amazon service that allows you to manage your virtual computing environments, known as EC2 instances, on AWS. Part 2 - EC2 and Database Configuration (EC2, AMI, Bastion Host, RDS). Part 1 - Architecture Scaffolding (VPC, Subnets, Elastic IP, NAT). In this article, we will build on top of the work we have done in the previous part, and this time we focus on the configuration of EC2 instances, creation of AMI images, setting up Bastion Hosts and RDS database. If you have missed that, we strongly encourage you to read it first → Part 1 - Architecture Scaffolding (VPC, Subnets, Elastic IP, NAT). In the previous part, we scaffolded our infrastructure specifically, we created the VPC, subnets, NAT gateways, and configured network routing. This article is the second one of the mini-series which walks you through the process of creating an enterprise-level AWS infrastructure and explains concepts and components of the Amazon Web Services platform. Often, smaller networks do not have multiple firewalls, so if only one firewall exists in a network, bastion hosts are commonly placed outside the firewall.Let’s pick up the thread of our journey into the AWS Cloud, and keep discovering the intrinsics of the cloud computing universe, while building a highly available, secure and fault-tolerant cloud system on the AWS platform. The first requires two firewalls, with bastion hosts sitting between the first "outside world" firewall, and an inside firewall, : 33 in a DMZ. There are two common network configurations that include bastion hosts and their placement. Due to their exposure, a great deal of effort must be put into designing and configuring bastion hosts to minimize the chances of penetration." Placement Other types of bastion hosts can include web, mail, DNS, and FTP servers. Firewalls and routers, anything that provides perimeter access control security can be considered bastion hosts. It has also been described as "any computer that is fully exposed to attack by being on the public side of the DMZ, unprotected by a firewall or filtering router. Generally, bastion hosts will have some degree of extra attention paid to their security, may undergo regular audits, and may have modified software". Ranum, who defined a bastion host as "a system identified by the firewall administrator as a critical strong point in the network security. 
The term is generally attributed to a 1990 article discussing firewalls by Marcus J. These computers are also equipped with special networking interfaces to withstand high-bandwidth attacks through the internet. It is hardened in this manner primarily due to its location and purpose, which is either on the outside of a firewall or inside of a demilitarized zone ( DMZ) and usually involves access from untrusted networks or computers.
The computer generally hosts a single application or process, for example, a proxy server or load balancer, and all other services are removed or limited to reduce the threat to the computer. A bastion host is a special-purpose computer on a network specifically designed and configured to withstand attacks, so named by analogy to the military fortification.
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